{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"# Visualization of Data"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"The goal of this experiment is to study the goal of making data more visual, more easily understandable, in an intuitive manner."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"### Table of Contents\n",
"* [Visualization of Data](#Visualization-of-Data)\n",
"\t* [Points](#Points)\n",
"\t* [Lines](#Lines)\n",
"\t* [Bar charts](#Bar-charts)\n",
"\t* [Pie charts](#Pie-charts)\n",
"\t* [Geographic: Maps + data](#Geographic:-Maps-+-data)\n",
"\t\t* [PShape](#PShape)\n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Points\n",
"\n",
"A plot made up of just points of data is sometimes called a \"scatter plot\" because the data are often scattered all over the graph."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 1,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
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"outputs": [
{
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"\n",
"
\n",
" Sketch #1: \n",
" \n",
"
\n",
"
\n",
" \n",
" \n",
" \n",
" \n",
"
\n",
"Sketch #1 state:Loading... \n",
"\n"
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"text/plain": [
""
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"source": [
"int border;\n",
"\n",
"void setup() {\n",
" size(500, 200); \n",
" border = 20;\n",
"}\n",
"\n",
"void drawAxises(int x, int y, int w, int h) {\n",
" fill(255);\n",
" rect(x, y, w, h);\n",
" line(x + border, y + border, x + border, y + h - border);\n",
" line(x + border, y + h - border, y + w - border, y + h - border);\n",
"}\n",
"\n",
"void drawPoint(int x, int y, int w, int h, float px, float py) {\n",
" fill(255, 0, 0);\n",
" ellipse(px + border + x, h + y - border - py, 5, 5);\n",
"}\n",
"\n",
"void draw() {\n",
" int chartX = 20;\n",
" int chartY = 10;\n",
" int chartWidth = width - chartX * 2;\n",
" int chartHeight = height - chartY * 2;\n",
" drawAxises(chartX, chartY, chartWidth, chartHeight);\n",
" \n",
" for (int i = 0; i < chartWidth - border * 2; i += 10) {\n",
" drawPoint(chartX, chartY, chartWidth, chartHeight, i, random(chartHeight - border * 2));\n",
" }\n",
" noLoop();\n",
"}"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Lines"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"To make a Line plot, we only need keep a running place holder for the last point draw, and connect to the current point."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 2,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
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"\n",
"
\n",
" Sketch #2: \n",
" \n",
"
\n",
"
\n",
" \n",
" \n",
" \n",
" \n",
"
\n",
"Sketch #2 state:Loading... \n",
"\n"
],
"text/plain": [
""
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"output_type": "display_data"
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"source": [
"int border;\n",
"int prev_x = -1, prev_y = -1;\n",
"\n",
"void setup() {\n",
" size(500, 200); \n",
" border = 20;\n",
"}\n",
"\n",
"void drawAxises(int x, int y, int w, int h) {\n",
" fill(255);\n",
" rect(x, y, w, h);\n",
" line(x + border, y + border, x + border, y + h - border);\n",
" line(x + border, y + h - border, y + w - border, y + h - border);\n",
"}\n",
"\n",
"void drawPoint(int x, int y, int w, int h, float px, float py) {\n",
" fill(255, 0, 0);\n",
" ellipse(px + border + x, h + y - border - py, 5, 5);\n",
" if (prev_x != -1) {\n",
" line(px + border + x, h + y - border - py, prev_x, prev_y);\n",
" }\n",
" prev_x = px + border + x;\n",
" prev_y = h + y - border - py;\n",
"}\n",
"\n",
"void draw() {\n",
" int chartX = 20;\n",
" int chartY = 10;\n",
" int chartWidth = width - chartX * 2;\n",
" int chartHeight = height - chartY * 2;\n",
" drawAxises(chartX, chartY, chartWidth, chartHeight);\n",
" \n",
" for (int i = 0; i < chartWidth - border * 2; i += 10) {\n",
" drawPoint(chartX, chartY, chartWidth, chartHeight, i, random(chartHeight - border * 2));\n",
" }\n",
" noLoop();\n",
"}"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Bar charts"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"One can easily turn the points into height to draw a rectangle."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 31,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
"\n",
"
\n",
" Sketch #29: \n",
" \n",
"
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"
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" \n",
" \n",
" \n",
" \n",
"
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"Sketch #29 state:Loading... \n",
"\n"
],
"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "display_data"
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],
"source": [
"int border;\n",
"\n",
"void setup() {\n",
" size(500, 200); \n",
" border = 20;\n",
"}\n",
"\n",
"void clear(int x, int y, int w, int h) {\n",
" fill(255);\n",
" rect(x, y, w, h);\n",
"}\n",
"\n",
"void drawAxises(int x, int y, int w, int h) {\n",
" stroke(0);\n",
" line(x + border, y + border, x + border, y + h - border);\n",
" line(x + border, y + h - border, y + w - border, y + h - border);\n",
"}\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"void drawBar(int x, int y, int w, int h, int total, int pos, float percent, color c) {\n",
" pw = (w - (border * 2)) / total;\n",
" px = x + border + (pw * pos);\n",
" ph = percent/100.0 * (h - border * 2);\n",
" py = y + h - border - ph;\n",
" fill(200);\n",
" noStroke();\n",
" rect(px + pw * .20 + 10, py + 10, pw - pw * .40, ph - 10);\n",
" fill(c);\n",
" stroke(c);\n",
" rect(px + pw * .20, py, pw - pw * .40, ph);\n",
"}\n",
"\n",
"void draw() {\n",
" int chartX = 20;\n",
" int chartY = 10;\n",
" int chartWidth = width - chartX * 2;\n",
" int chartHeight = height - chartY * 2;\n",
" clear(chartX, chartY, chartWidth, chartHeight);\n",
" \n",
" drawBar(chartX, chartY, chartWidth, chartHeight, 5, 0, 100, color(255, 0, 0));\n",
" drawBar(chartX, chartY, chartWidth, chartHeight, 5, 1, 50, color(0, 255, 0));\n",
" drawBar(chartX, chartY, chartWidth, chartHeight, 5, 2, 25, color(0, 128, 128));\n",
" drawBar(chartX, chartY, chartWidth, chartHeight, 5, 3, 75, color(0, 0, 255));\n",
" drawBar(chartX, chartY, chartWidth, chartHeight, 5, 4, 10, color(128, 255, 128));\n",
" drawAxises(chartX, chartY, chartWidth, chartHeight);\n",
"}"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Pie charts"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 42,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
"\n",
"
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" Sketch #40: \n",
" \n",
"
\n",
"
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" \n",
" \n",
" \n",
" \n",
"
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"Sketch #40 state:Loading... \n",
"\n"
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"text/plain": [
""
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},
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "display_data"
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"source": [
"int border;\n",
"\n",
"void setup() {\n",
" size(200, 200); \n",
" border = 20;\n",
"}\n",
"\n",
"void drawBackground(int cx, int cy, int w, int h) {\n",
" fill(255);\n",
" ellipse(cx, cy, w, h);\n",
"}\n",
"\n",
"void drawPie(int x, int y, int w, int h, float start, float percent, color c) {\n",
" fill(c);\n",
" rstart = start/100 * (2 * PI);\n",
" rstop = rstart + percent/100 * (2 * PI);\n",
" arc(x, y, w, h, rstart, rstop);\n",
"}\n",
"\n",
"void draw() {\n",
" int x = width/2;\n",
" int y = height/2;\n",
" int w = width - border * 2;\n",
" int h = height - border * 2;\n",
" //drawBackground(x, y, w, h);\n",
" drawPie(x + 10, y + 10, w, h, 0, 25, color(255, 0, 0));\n",
" drawPie(x - 10, y + 10, w, h, 25, 25, color(0, 255, 0));\n",
" drawPie(x - 10, y - 10, w, h, 50, 10, color(0, 0, 255));\n",
" drawPie(x + 10, y - 10, w, h, 60, 40, color(0, 255, 255));\n",
"}\n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Geographic: Maps + data"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"First, we need to download a SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) image file. We use the metacommand %download."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 5,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"Downloaded '20091105194402%21Blank_US_Map.svg'.\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"%download http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/archive/3/32/20091105194402%21Blank_US_Map.svg"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Next, we rename the file using the \"shell\" command \"mv\" -- short for \"move\":"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 6,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": true
},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"! mv 20091105194402%21Blank_US_Map.svg usa-wikipedia.svg"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Now, we can use the usa-wikipedia.svg file."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"### PShape"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"We will use a shape object from Processing, called PShape. We can load a shape from an SVG image file.\n",
"\n",
"Likewise, we can get a part of the file by using the state abbreviations."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 7,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
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"\n",
"